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5 Ways to Make Your Passwords Instantly More Secure
5 Ways to Make Your Passwords Instantly More Secure
What's happening
Today is World Password Day. The event was created by Intel in 2013 to encourage people to better secure their online accounts.
Why it matters
Weak passwords put personal information at risk. Even worse, people use the same bad passwords for multiple accounts, which means if one get compromised others could also fall.
What's next
Check out CNET's tips for how to create better passwords and lock down your logins.
If you think your passwords are uncrackable, think again.
Despite years of warnings, experts say most people are still using weak passwords to protect even their most sensitive information. Many people are reusing those insecure passwords to protect multiple accounts, putting more of their data at risk should any of the accounts be compromised.
"It's the total account takeover scenario," said John Buzzard, lead fraud and security analyst at Javelin Strategy & Research, referring to a cybercriminal cracking one password and then using it to access other accounts. "Consumers lose control over their entire digital lives."
World Password Day, which takes place on Thursday, is a good time to review your digital security. Sure, it's a totally made-up celebration that Intel created in 2013. But it's still a good reminder to take a close look at your logins and make sure they check the required security boxes.
Passwords have been widely used for as long as computers have been on desktops, and they've been a source of aggravation for just as long. Efforts to replace them with other kinds of authentication technology have been in the works for years. While they've come a long way, they've so far been unable to completely eliminate the need for passwords.
But companies keep trying. On Thursday, Apple, Google and Microsoft announced plans to boost their support for the passwordless sign-in standard created by the FIDO Alliance and the World Wide Web Consortium. That standard allows users to sign in with a biometric indicator, like a facial scan or fingerprint, or a device PIN.
Those methods of authentication promise to be significantly more secure than passwords, which are often laughably easy to guess.
The top 10 passwords used in attacks against small and medium businesses last year included some as simple as "123," "password123" and "a123456," according to Specops Software's 2022 Weak Password Report. Pop culture references also showed up frequently. For example, the Cincinnati Reds were the most-mentioned baseball team within the pool of hundreds of thousands of compromised passwords the researchers analyzed.
Setting long, complicated and unique passwords for all of your accounts may seem daunting, acknowledges Lotem Finkelsteen, head of threat intelligence and research at Check Point Software Technologies. But he says it's a must.
"The best password is the one you forget," Finkelsteen says, noting there's always a recovery process you can go through to reset your logins.
Password managers can help by remembering long strings of characters for you, while keeping them safe. Here are some tips from Check Point and others for creating good ones.
Longer is better. At least 16 characters is best. At that point, you don't have to worry so much about password-cracking software. Random sequences of characters are best, but passphrases, such as a combination of three unrelated words, will be OK in most circumstances. Throwing in a special character, such as symbols or punctuation marks, in the middle won't hurt.
Remember: If you use a passphrase, make sure the words only have meaning to you and don't signify anything important. "Red Sox Rule" might be a great way to show your loyalty to the team, but it isn't a terribly secure passphrase. Don't use your birthday or another significant personal date because cybercriminals can find them easily. Song titles and famous quotations are also bad ideas. Avoid cliche substitutions, such as using @ for "at" or "a," and $ for the "s."
Resist the temptation to recycle. Even the best passwords can be stolen and compromised. So limit the fallout by making sure you set unique passwords for all of your accounts. Sure, that could be a lot to handle since we're recommending 16-character or longer pass phrases.
If you need help, sign up for a password manager. Both free and paid options are available. Many internet browsers can also help you out with this task, though they don't always work across your various devices.
Change can be good. Experts are split on whether you need to change your passwords on a regular basis. They all agree, however, that you should change them right away at any hint of compromise.
Keep your details off social media. The more personal details you post, the more cybercriminals know about you. Those little, seemingly unimportant, bits of data could be used to crack your passwords.
While you're at it, stay away from quizzes you see posted on Facebook that ask a series of seemingly harmless questions in order to tell you what city you should live in or what your ideal vacation spot would be. Sure, they're fun, but they might be collecting personal information that could be used to crack your passwords down the road.
Always, always use 2FA. If your password does get compromised, a second layer of protection will go a long way toward protecting you. Two-factor authentication, also called multifactor authentication, is being used by a growing number of sites and requires someone trying to access your account to also enter a second form of ID.
It could be a code generated by an app, a biometric like a fingerprint or facial scan, or a physical security key that you insert into your device. Yes, that will slow you down as you access the account. But it's worth it to keep your account safe. If 2FA is available, use it.
One word of warning: If you can, avoid 2FA systems that text a code to your smartphone. SIM swapping, a scam in which a cybercriminal takes over your phone number, is on the rise. If a criminal takes over your phone number, they'll get your 2FA text message, too.
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2 ways to make almost real espresso without a pricey machine
2 ways to make almost real espresso without a pricey machine
Espresso is a tough drink to make. Brewing the stuff requires lots of steam pressure to push hot water through finely ground beans, and it all needs to happen fast, in about 30 seconds. That's something only elite espresso machines can successfully tackle. The problem is, quality espresso brewers can easily set you back multiple hundreds of dollars.
However, there are ways to mimic some of the delicious qualities of espresso without a fancy espresso machine. In this guide I'll lay out two of these far less expensive methods. While not as good as the genuine thing, the coffee you'll be able to make will be strong, rich, and super concentrated. Sometimes, that's all you need to start your morning.
The Bialetti Moka Pot is an old school brewer that makes very strong coffee.
Brian Bennett/CNET
Option 1: Moka Pot
Invented by Italian engineer Alfonso Bialetti in 1933, the Moka Pot is a classic that remains popular today. The aluminium brewer sports a distinctive art deco design, and it doesn't even need electricity. Just heat it up on your kitchen stove to operate it.
Start by unscrewing the brewer base from the pitcher. Fill the base with water to the fill line (just below the release valve). In my case I used 5.4 ounces of water (153.1 grams). Next add grounds to the filter funnel. Your grounds should be slightly finer than what you'd use for drip coffee -- a good coffee grinder can help with that.
Once it's full, scrape away any excess grounds and put the funnel into the base. With that done, the amount of grounds in my brewer came to 0.42 ounces (12 grams). Next, screw the base back onto the main brewer body. Now place the Moka Pot onto one of your stove's burners. Pro tip: Try to set the brewer down a little off-center -- this way the handle won't get too hot to, well, handle.
After a few minutes of brewing on the stove, coffee will begin to flow into the main chamber.
Brian Bennett/CNET
Turn the burner on to medium heat and leave the brewer's lid open. After 5 to 7 minutes liquid coffee should start to flow up from the bottom of the brewer through the valve in its top section. Once the flow stops, or begins to sputter, turn the burner off.
Since the Moka Pot is constructed from aluminum, its body can get hot. Take care not to touch any metal parts or you'll get burned. Immediately take the brewer to the sink and run cold water over its base.
Coffee made with the Moka Pot had a brix percentage of 2.9. That comes to a TDS of 1.5%.
Brian Bennett/CNET
Once the base has cooled, pour coffee into your favorite cup. The coffee I made in the Moka Pot was strong and, while not true espresso, it was deep, dark and rich. A quick refractometer reading confirmed this: I recorded a high TDS (total dissolved solids) percentage of 2.5. That's slightly above the ideal range of 1.9 to 2.3%, but not outrageously so. This joe packed a big flavor punch and wasn't bitter at all.
The Aeropress is a cross between a French press and an upside down Moka Pot.
Brian Bennett/CNET
Option 2: Aeropress
Another popular way to create really strong coffee is to use the Aeropress. This inexpensive gadget was dreamed up by the man, Alan Adler, who also brought us the aerobie frisbee-style flying disk. The Aeropress made its debut in 2005, and essentially is a cross between a French press and an upside down Moka Pot.
Start by adding a paper filter to the Aeropress' filter cap. Next twist the cap onto the brewer's brewing chamber. Add one scoop of ground coffee (coarseness suitable for drip) to the brewing chamber. In my case that came to 0.35 ounces (10 grams). Give the chamber a shake to even out the grounds inside.
Now place the chamber on top of a sturdy coffee mug. Next, add hot water to the chamber up to the "1" symbol on its inner wall. Aeropress recommends water at specifically 175 degrees Fahrenheit (79.4 Celsius), though a minute or so off the boil works, too. The amount of water I used weighed in at 4.25 ounces (120.5 grams).
Stir the grounds for about 10 seconds. Insert the Aeropress plunger into the top of the chamber. Carefully press the plunger down until it reaches the grounds and filter. You should hear a little hiss once that happens. Now your coffee is ready.
Coffee I made with the Aeropress had a brix reading of 1.8%. That translates to a TDS percentage of 1.5.
Brian Bennett/CNET
The liquid brew I made in the Aeropress was strong, too. It wasn't technically espresso, more like a robust French press. That said, it was certainly stiff enough to hit my taste buds with plenty of deep coffee flavor. It wasn't bitter and lacked grit of any kind.
I measured the TDS concentration to be 1.5%. That translates to an extraction percentage of 16. It's also a little under the recommended 19 to 23%. Still, this coffee wasn't bitter and was quite smooth, and I'm sure with a little tinkering I can create an even more powerful, balanced cup. With the right gear, there's no reason you can't as well.
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Make YouTube More Kid-Friendly: 5 Things Parents Can Control
Make YouTube More Kid-Friendly: 5 Things Parents Can Control
There's a ton of content on YouTube, and kids can easily spend hours wading through the ocean of videos online. From Cocomelon to gamer streams like PewDiePie and TikTok compilations, YouTube can be a video-filled playground for a kid, especially when they have access to a tablet.
So, what are parents to do? Rather than let your young kid run amok with uninhibited freedom on YouTube, you can practice restraint by activating restrictions. While there are ways to use safety settings on your Android or Apple phones or TV streaming devices, YouTube has an assortment of features that go beyond the basic set of parental controls. You can curb screen time, monitor content, block videos and more.
Read more:Best Kids' Tablets for 2022
The separate YouTube Kids app is designed to cater to younger children, but the main YouTube app offers myriad other ways to oversee what your child is watching as well, even if they're older. Here are the main tools available to parents, arranged roughly in order of easiest to most involved -- from a single toggle to setting up and using separate apps.
'Dismiss' what you don't want your kid to see
YouTube's algorithm notoriously tracks your life and what you like to watch. Then it uses that information to recommend more related -- or surprisingly random -- videos to grab your attention. Imagine how many videos kids are bombarded with after taking in the latest Marvel trailer, for example. There's a way to shut that down.
YouTube encourages parents to dismiss content they don't want their kids to see by clicking on the three dots on a video or channel and choosing "Not Interested." Such content will not pop up in their recommendation feed again. This function is available only to users of mobile phones, which may keep you on your toes when your child is checking out something that's way too mature for them.
Unlike some of the other safety options, this one isn't on autopilot and requires you to be an active viewer. It's ideal if you're watching with your kids at the doctor's office, the beach or in an Uber, where you'll learn to be quick with the dismissive clicks when autoplay is rolling.
Restricted Mode
An option that's separate from the "Not Interested" function, YouTube's Restricted Mode is a single setting that lets you hide inappropriate content. It's available on all devices, including smart TVs and tablets. From a phone or tablet, click your account profile, navigate to General and then hit the gear icon for Settings. Toggle Restricted Mode to "On." Unless you're viewing YouTube on a smart TV, you must sign in to your Google account to flip on this setting.
You can use this feature to manage videos for a child of any age, including teens. Restricted Mode is also accessible if you run a supervised account for your child.
Supervise your child's account
Introduced on YouTube in 2021, supervised accounts have been available for parents in beta mode. They operate exactly how they sound. Initially, these accounts were specifically for kids under 13, but now the feature includes older teens.
Content ratings are set by parents. Per YouTube, parents can choose from three content settings -- Explore, Explore More and Most of YouTube -- that correspond with ratings for tweens and teens. These settings apply to the main YouTube app and YouTube Music.
Explore is generally for viewers ages 9 and older. Some of the videos may contain low levels of violence, controlled substances or provocative language. YouTube also notes that educational videos about the human body or mental health are also in this grouping.
Videos under Explore More are geared toward the 13-and-over crowd. In addition to vlogs, music videos, gaming clips and other content, there may be mild profanity, violence, controlled substances and "non-explicit sexual references."
The app's Most of YouTube setting denotes videos that are for older teens, with the exception of those marked for users who are 18+ and a selection of filtered content.
Worried about ads? Supervised accounts prevent personalized ads from being shown, and certain other ads aren't allowed. Video creators are required to notify YouTube if their content spotlights product placements, so you may occasionally see these occurrences.
According to YouTube, updated features for supervised accounts now include the ability to block specific channels, and supervised experiences have expanded to eligible smart TVs and YouTube Music on Android, iOS, the web and Google Assistant on smart displays.
Head to YouTube Kids
Prefer to keep it simple for kiddos under age 13? Just set them up with a YouTube Kids account. The app is entirely separate from the main YouTube app and houses age-appropriate content that's either curated by YouTube or you, the parent. Videos are chosen and filtered by a group of parents, child experts and YouTube engineers before hitting the platform, and you still have the ability to flag or block channels and individual videos.
Additionally, parents and caregivers with Google accounts can sign in and send content directly to their kids using the YouTube Kids app. But it's the parental controls that may give you real peace of mind.
After creating kids' profiles, you're able to choose content based on age or set it up where you must approve each video. With the latter, you can select collections or specific channels for your child's viewing experience, and kids are prevented from searching for anything on the app. Parents can also set timers or track their child's viewing history. If you want to go the extra mile, you can opt to pay for a premium account to lock out any ads.
Manage YouTube with Google's Family Link app
Google isn't only YouTube's parent company, but it also owns Family Link, an app that allows users to filter content and manage screen time for kids. It's not a requirement in order to use parental controls, YouTube's supervised accounts or other safety features, but it may make your life easier.
Family Link lets you connect new or existing Google accounts for your child. For kids under age 13, you can register a new account, and Family Link allows you to use parental controls and supervision on existing accounts for children of any age. However, with the latter, your kid must consent to parental supervision in order for you to activate it. From there, you can install and activate Family Link on their individual devices and manage YouTube from your own account. Should your kids deactivate supervision on their devices, you'll receive a notification, and Android devices will lock.
Family Link is available on the YouTube website, Chromebook, iOS 11 devices and higher and certain Android devices running versions 5.0 or higher. Download the app and you'll be walked through the steps to add your child's new or existing Google account. Once the accounts are linked and sign-up is complete, your kids can log in to their devices using Family Link. From there, you can set up restrictions or lock devices for each child by simply tapping his or her name in Family Link.
With your kid's YouTube app access tethered to yours, you can then set boundaries for screen time, content or bedtime. You'll be able to monitor what videos they watch and how often, whether it's on the regular YouTube app, YouTube Kids or YouTube Music.
For more, check out Netflix's parental control features and how you can set up and use your Wi-Fi router's parental controls. Plus, here are the best apps to download to keep your kids safe online.
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7 Ways to Save Money on Car Insurance
7 Ways to Save Money on Car Insurance
This story is part of Recession Help Desk, CNET's coverage of how to make smart money moves in an uncertain economy.
Car insurance is getting more expensive. The cost of car insurance has continued to climb throughout 2022, and increased another 1.3% in July, according to the Consumer Price Index, a key indicator of inflation.
Inflation aside, car insurance was already rising as of last year. Many major car insurers started receiving approval for substantial rate increases at the close of 2021, raising premiums anywhere from 3% to 12%, according to S&P Global Market Intelligence. To top it off, gas prices have also hit record highs this year, making driving more expensive overall.
If you're tired of paying high car insurance premiums, we have a few tips you can try to reduce your auto insurance costs and add some extra breathing room to your budget.
1. Raise your deductible
Increasing your deductible -- your out-of-pocket cost before your insurance will pick up the bill on a claim -- can lower your premium. This move might make sense if you aren't driving much right now, do not have a history of accidents on the road or if you need to reduce your monthly costs to stay insured. Doing this could cost you later if you're in an accident, though, as you'll have to dish out more money before your carrier covers damages. You should make sure you have enough money to pay the higher deductible if you do end up in an accident.
2. Consider lower coverage for older vehicles
Older cars may not deserve the same insurance attention as your shiny new Tesla or all of the bells and whistles of a Mercedes-type policy. If your car is on its last go-round, you may want to cut out collision coverage or comprehensive coverage for that vehicle, both of which cover damages to your car.
Whether you should drop either coverage depends on the value of your car and the relative cost to insure it. Experts suggest that if your car is worth less than 10 times the annual premium, buying coverage for that vehicle may not be a cost-effective option. One of the quickest ways to check the value is by scrolling through Kelley Blue Book online. For example, say your annual premium is $1,600; 10 times that would be $16,000. If your car is worth less than $16,000, then it might make sense to lower insurance coverage for that car.
3. Use public transit or carpool when you can
Carriers may offer discounts if you have a low mileage count, meaning you drive less than the average number of miles per year compared to other Americans. Typically, you'd be considered a low-mileage driver if you drive less than 7,500 miles per year, but this isn't a bright-line rule. What actually determines if you're a low-mileage driver depends on what state you live in, your age and gender.
How much you can save depends on individual factors, in addition to the car insurance company you sign a policy with. State Farm offers one of the cheapest monthly premiums at $128 for low-mileage drivers, according to one analysis.
If there is mass transit in your area, taking a bus a few days per week (or carpooling with others), could make you eligible for low-mileage discounts. If you don't live in an area with mass transit, you might also consider carpooling to work or school to bring your mileage down.
And if you transitioned to working or studying from home since the start of the pandemic and still haven't shifted back to an in-person workplace, contact your carrier to let them know -- and take advantage of any savings.
4. Bundle your insurance policies
One of the most straightforward ways to save money on insurance is by bundling your home and auto insurance, meaning you buy multiple insurance policies from the same company.
Allstate , Liberty Mutual and GEICO each offer premium discounts for bundling -- depending on which policies and coverages you buy together. You can get discounts on your premium anywhere from 5% to 25%, depending on the provider.
5. Shop around for car insurance rates
Maybe you're working from home permanently and need less coverage. Or perhaps you're returning to the office and need more coverage now. Whatever your situation may be, it's always a good idea to shop around to ensure you're getting the best rates, as other carriers might offer bigger discounts or lower premiums in general.
If you aren't sure where to start, check out CNET's car insurance roundups, where you can see our picks for best overall car insurance, the cheapest car insurance, the best policies for teens and young drivers and the best options for military and veterans.
In addition to getting quotes online, you can reach out directly to some of the top insurance companies to ask about potential discounts.
6. Explore safe driving discounts
If you pride yourself on being a safe traveler, you're in luck. Carriers offer discounts for safe driving and modest claims history, and there are a number of discounts to take advantage of here. Call your carrier to ask how you can enroll in these types of programs. Once successfully enrolled, you should see your premium go down on your next bill.
State Farm, for example, offers both accident-free discounts, where you'll get a discount if you've gone at least three continuous years without an accident, and good driving discounts, which lowers your premium when you go three or more years without moving violations or at-fault accidents.
Telematics insurance programs are also a great way to obtain safe drivers discounts, and it'll factor in low-mileage discounts, too. These programs monitor your mileage and driving behavior through a phone app or a car plug-in device. Call your carrier to enroll in the plan, and while discounts vary by carrier and state, you could be looking at savings as large as 30% off your premium. You'll start at a base rate that will be adjusted depending on the telematics report, which will include factors like your average speed and braking habits. For example, State Farm will review your telematics data every six months to determine how safe your driving has been, and based on those measurements, it'll apply a discount to your policy ranging anywhere from 5% to 50%, according to Bankrate.
7. Find a less expensive car
If you're looking to buy a new or used car, consider comparing the insurance costs among different vehicles. Auto insurance premiums are calculated through a variety of factors, and some of those factors are based on the car itself, including the car's price, repair costs and general safety record.
"This is the thing that people forget about: You can buy a Honda or a Kia, and it's less expensive, or you could buy a Mercedes or a Tesla -- it's going to be more expensive," said Janet Ruiz, a chartered property casualty underwriter and director of strategic communications at the Insurance Information Institute.
And the difference in the cost of insurance for a Mercedes compared to a Honda is stark: The average cost to insure a Mercedes-Benz is about $4,505 annually, compared to an average of $2,151 annually for a Honda. That means you'll pay an average of $179 on a monthly basis for the Honda compared to $375 for the Mercedes.
The editorial content on this page is based solely on objective, independent assessments by our writers and is not influenced by advertising or partnerships. It has not been provided or commissioned by any third party. However, we may receive compensation when you click on links to products or services offered by our partners.
These 5 Tips Make Sleeping With a CPAP Machine Easy
These 5 Tips Make Sleeping With a CPAP Machine Easy
Sleeping with a CPAP machine can be annoying -- the mask covering your face, the hose tethering you to a machine that grumbles beside your bed. We get it. Undeniably, they can be a hassle, and that's a big reason why people opt to sleep without them. Up to 35% of people don't use their prescribed CPAP machine as intended. Some people only use it for a few hours each night, while others disregard it entirely.
We don't recommend doing that. Ignoring sleep apnea is serious as heart disease and high blood pressure. Instead of compromising your sleep quality and health, use these quick tips to make sleeping with a CPAP mask part of your routine.
1. Pick the right mask style
The good news is that CPAP machines have come a long way from the clunky old noise machine with a huge face mask. Newer models are very quiet, and there are various mask styles you can choose from. Modern CPAP machines offer mask variations that allow you to choose what works best for you.
Common CPAP mask styles:
Full-face masks: This coverage option is what people expect from CPAP machines. It covers both your mouth and nose. It's a good option for people with nasal congestion or those who breathe through their mouths at night.
Nasal mask: This mask only covers your nose. It's well suited for people who move around in their sleep.
Nasal pillow mask: This mask has the smallest face covering -- it sits across your upper lip and nostrils. This option is great for people who feel claustrophobic in full coverage options or wear glasses.
Oral mask: This mask covers only your mouth and is best suited for people who breathe out of their mouth at night.
Keep in mind what position you sleep in when choosing the style of mask. If you sleep on your stomach or side, the larger masks with various straps may push against your pillow.
2. Make sure your mask fits properly
Once you know which mask style best fits your needs, you must ensure it fits. An ill-fitting mask is uncomfortable and can leave you with a dry, stuffy nose. If you notice red marks on your face, it's too tight. On the other hand, you won't get the benefits CPAP machines offer if the mask is too loose.
Make adjustments each night until you find the perfect fit. When you adjust your mask, you should do so while lying down with the mask on your face. If you are having trouble getting your mask to fit properly, your doctor will be able to help you adjust the mask accordingly.
Getty Images/cherrybeans
3. Practice wearing it during the day
When you first put on a CPAP mask, it can feel a bit like having a facehugger from Alien clamped to your face. It takes time to get used to. The last thing you want to do is save the adjustment period for when you are trying to fall asleep. Instead, start wearing it during the day so you get used to the sensation of being on your face. Wear it while you're watching TV or reading a book. Soon enough, you won't notice it at all.
If you find that you can't tolerate wearing it during the day, try breaking it down into steps. Start with just the mask -- no hose or straps. Then slowly attach the hose and straps to the process.
4. Use the 'ramp' feature
CPAP machines are designed to push air into your airways to keep them from collapsing from sleep apnea. For some people, the feeling of forced air is hard to tolerate, especially in the beginning. Many CPAP machines have a "ramp" feature that starts with lower air pressure as you fall asleep and increases through the night. Work with your doctor to find your prescribed optimal pressure for your sleep apnea.
5. Be patient
Getting used to sleeping with a CPAP machine is an ongoing process that you should measure in terms of small steps. No one brings home their brand-new CPAP machine and immediately sleeps eight uninterrupted hours with it on. CPAP machines can help you sleep better and ultimately improve your health in the long run. Despite the sometimes annoying CPAP struggles, you'll feel more rested if you sleep with it.
The information contained in this article is for educational and informational purposes only and is not intended as health or medical advice. Always consult a physician or other qualified health provider regarding any questions you may have about a medical condition or health objectives.
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Spectre and Meltdown: Details you need on those big chip flaws
Spectre and Meltdown: Details you need on those big chip flaws
Processors are vital to running all our computerized devices, even if we hardly ever think about them. That's why it's a big deal that they have major vulnerabilities, such as Spectre and Meltdown, that leave them open to hacking attacks.
As they run all the essential processes on your computer, these silicon chips handle extremely sensitive data. That includes passwords and encryption keys, the fundamental tools for keeping your computer secure.
The Spectre and Meltdown vulnerabilities, first revealed January 3, with a newly found fourth variant disclosed May 21, could let attackers capture information they shouldn't be able to access, like those passwords and keys. As a result, an attack on a computer chip can turn into a serious security concern.
So how did this happen? And what will chip companies like Intel,Arm and AMD (and the hardware makers that put the chips in their products) do to fix the problem? Here's what you need to know:
What are the vulnerabilities?
Researchers found two major weaknesses in processors that could let attackers read sensitive information that should never leave the CPU, or central processing unit. In both cases, attackers could see data that the processor temporarily makes available outside of the chip.
Here's why that happens: To make computer processes run faster, a chip will essentially guess what information the computer needs to perform its next function. That's called speculative execution. As the chip guesses, that sensitive information is momentarily easier to access.
One flaw, Spectre, would let attackers trick the processor into starting the speculative execution process. Then attackers could read the secret data the chip makes available as it tries to guess what function the computer will carry out next.
The other flaw, Meltdown, lets attackers access the secret information through a computer's operating system, such as Microsoft Windows or Apple's High Sierra.
Security experts refer to these sorts of incursions as side-channel attacks, because they access information as it's being used by a legitimate process on the computer.
What are tech companies saying and doing about this?
Intel CEO Brian Krzanich says the problems are well on their way to being fixed, at least in the case of Intel-powered PCs and servers. Intel said that 90 percent of chips released in the last five years will have fixes available by about Jan. 13 and that for chips up to 10 years old, fixes will be released in the coming weeks.
On Jan. 22, Intel halted some updates to its chips after reports that the patches were causing devices to unexpectedly reboot.
Microsoft right away released patches for the Windows operating system and its Internet Explorer and Edge browsers, but warned that your antivirus software needs to be updated to support those patches.
Apple said Jan. 4 that it has released mitigations for the Meltdown flaw for the operating systems on its Mac computers, Apple TVs, iPhones and iPads, and that neither Meltdown nor Spectre affects the Apple Watch. Apple also said Jan. 4 that it will release patches "in the coming days" for the Safari browser to help defend against Spectre exploits and that it will continue to release patches in future updates of its iOS, MacOS and TVOS software.
On Jan. 7, Apple released an update to its iOS software that patches Spectre on iPhones and iPads. On Jan. 23, Apple released an update to the Sierra and El Capitan versions of its Mac operating systems.
Which chips are affected?
A number of chip designs from Intel, Arm and AMD are susceptible to one or more variants of the attacks. The issue is so widespread because those chips, used in devices made by Apple, Google, Microsoft, Amazon and others, all share a similar structure.
What's more, the flaws don't just affect personal computers -- Meltdown also affects servers, the backbone of all major cloud services. So yes, Amazon Web Services and Google Cloud are susceptible to the problem, too. Google said it has secured all its affected products, and Amazon said it would finish securing all affected products on Wednesday.
How long has this been a problem?
Researchers at Google's Project Zero, as well as a separate team of academic researchers, discovered the problems in 2017, but the issue has existed on chips for a long time -- perhaps more than 20 years.
That's because the issue doesn't result from a badly written computer code. Instead, the problem comes down to the way the chips are intentionally designed.
Processors are supposed to make the secret information easier to access as they gear up to run the next process on a computer. As the programming quip goes, this is a feature, not a bug.
Has anyone been hacked via these flaws?
Researchers, chipmakers and computer companies all say there are no known examples of hackers using these weaknesses to attack a computer. However, now that the details of the design flaws and how to exploit them are publicly available, the chances of hackers using them are much higher.
The good news is that hackers would first need to install malicious software on your computer to take advantage of these flaws. That means they need to select their targets and hack each one of them before running a sophisticated attack to steal a computer's sensitive information.
What can I do to protect myself?
As chipmakers and computer companies roll out software updates, be sure to install them. Beyond that, since hackers would have to install malware on your computer, do your best to make that harder for them.
That means you should keep all your other software updated, including your web browsers and Flash (if you're still using it). Also, run security software to make sure you don't have any malicious software on your computer right now.
Finally, look out for phishing emails. Emails that trick you into clicking on a link and downloading malicious software are still the No. 1 way for hackers to get a foothold on your computer.
First published Jan. 3 at 6:01 p.m. PT Update, Jan. 4 at 4:19 p.m: Added statement from Apple. Update, Jan. 5 at 6:36 a.m. and 11:57 a.m.: Added statement from Intel and new information from Microsoft, and later updated the information on Apple Watch. Update, Jan. 8 at 11:51 a.m.: Added information on Apple's patch to iOS. Update Jan 23 at 3:36 p.m.: Added information about Apple's patch to El Capitan and Sierra operating systems, and information about reports that some patches were causing computers to unexpectedly reboot.
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Best Immersion Blender for 2022
Best Immersion Blender for 2022
For soup makers, you'd be hard-pressed to find a more useful tool than the immersion blender, although the Dutch oven makes a strong case. Sometimes called a hand blender or stick blender, these compact kitchen tools are able to puree ingredients right inside your pot or Dutch oven, saving you time and the hazard of transferring hot liquids into a traditional blender. Immersion blenders with whisk attachments can also make homemade whipped cream in seconds and many come with food chopper cups fitted with blades to turn your immersion blender into a small food processor.
If you're unsure of how much you'll use this kitchen gadget, you might spring for the $60 Cuisinart Smart Stick hand blender, which does a fine job for not a ton of money. But for habitual soup, sauce and dip makers, I recommend the $120 Breville Control Grip as it combines power and precision, is super simple to operate and comes with four excellent attachments. KitchenAid's excellent model is my pick for the best cordless hand blender. And for power users with a little coin to spare, the Vitamix Immersion Blender is a monster with 625 watts of power but will run you $150 for the blender alone.
After many hours of blending, whipping and chopping (and a whole lot of leftover soup), I've landed on these three models as the best immersion blenders for 2022.
Read more:Best Blender for 2022
Best immersion blenders for 2022
Breville
This was one of the pricier immersion blenders I tested but it gives a whole lot of bang for the buck. The Breville Control Grip is incredibly easy and intuitive to use and packs plenty of power, despite lower total wattage than some others on the list. It also has one of my favorite handles, which is both sturdy and comfortable. This hand blender weighs a manageable 3.8 pounds and has good balance. I also like the rubber protectors on the bottom of the blade guard, which prevent it from scratching a pot or Dutch oven.
For $120, you'll get the mighty Breville stick blender and four handy accessories: a wire whisk, food chopper bowl, large jug for mixing and an ice crusher attachment you can screw into the jug for making mixed drinks and smoothies. All of the attachments are made from extremely high-grade plastic and feel particularly durable. If you're looking for an immersion blender that can do far more than puree soups and sauces, this is the one to buy.
KitchenAid
If a corded immersion blender feels restrictive, KitchenAid's cordless hand blender is another excellent option. It has adjustable variable speeds and plenty of power to whip potatoes, blend veggies and emulsify pesto and salad dressings with ease.
The KitchenAid was one of the easiest to attach and operate with a comfortably placed safety switch on the backside of the handle. I also love the look and feel of this stick blender with its durable matte-plastic build. It has great weight distribution and is a true pleasure to use. This basic cordless immersion blender with mixing cup can be had for $100. It will run you closer to $160 if you choose the bundle with a whisk, food chopper attachment and blending cup.
Worth noting that you can't use this model if it's uncharged, since it can only be plugged in while the blade is detached. It takes 20 minutes or so to achieve a full charge, which gives you two hours of use. In a pinch, you can certainly charge it for five or 10 minutes and still get enough battery life for most hand blender tasks.
Cuisinart
You can purchase this formidable hand blender along with a whisk, chopper and mixing cup, all for $60 in gray and $70 for black. Considering its excellent performance in the tests I ran, that makes it an easy pick for the best value immersion blender of the bunch. The Cuisinart sports 300 watts of power (even more than our top pick) and an easy speed control dial on top of the handle for precision blending and whipping.
If I had one complaint about this budget-friendly model, it's the placement of the safety button. It's located directly above the power button and it can be a bit awkward to hold both down at once. Compare that to the KitchenAid, which has its safety button on the back so you can use your natural grip to hold it down. For what it's worth, the Cuisinart's safety button is probably safer, since it's almost impossible to press it by accident.
Other immersion blenders I tested
Vitamix Immersion Blender 067991 : This excellent $150 hand blender is a bit too pricey to land on the top of our list. But for power users and those looking for an immersion blender with loads of pop, the Vitamix Immersion Blender packs a whopping 625 watts. It's comfortable in the hand and performed exceedingly well in all the tests I ran on it.
Braun MQ7025X : This powerful immersion blender passed every test with flying colors and nearly landed on my list as the best immersion blender overall. It also comes with useful attachments including a food chopper and whisk. What kept it from being a top pick is its weight. At over 5 pounds, it's the heaviest stick blender I tested and was hefty enough to cause some fatigue in my arm.
All-Clad KZ800D51 : All-Clad is best known for its top-of-the-line cookware, including our favorite set for 2022. The brand also makes small kitchen appliances, and All-Clad's hand blender is as powerful as they get. The sleek, cordless hand blender has a monster 220-volt battery and whipped the heck out of everything I put in its way. But at $230 for the blender alone (no attachments), it's just too pricey for us to recommend for most people.
Beautiful Hand Blender : Of the cheap immersion blenders I tested, this $34 2-speed model performed the best, and it's a solid choice if you're seeking a true budget buy. While the all-plastic build wasn't my favorite, the blade attached securely and blended well, especially when compared to some of the other stick blenders under $50.
Homgeek Hand Blender H32275US : I had high hopes for this inexpensive hand blender since it had a sturdier build than the Beautiful Hand Blender and variable speed control for precision work. But it underperformed when it came to the basic function of pureeing cooked vegetables, leaving too many chunks for my liking after two minutes of work
Bella Immersion Blender 14460 : This budget hand blender felt cheap and flimsy when I held it and the blade attachment had some worrisome wiggle when mounted. It performed acceptably, but the soup I pureed was still markedly chunkier after two minutes than other models.
My only complaint with Cuisinart's budget-friendly immersion blender is the slightly awkward placement of the safety button.
David Watsky/CNET
How we test immersion blenders
In testing to find the best immersion blender for 2022, I ran several tests on each model over the course of a week and took note of how well each performed. I also took into account other attributes like size, weight, sturdiness, how easy the blender was to clean and the various modes and number of speeds at which it ran.
Blending vegetables for soup
Blending soups and sauces out of cooked vegetables and other ingredients is by far the most popular use for an immersion blender. I blended four cups of cooked vegetables and broth in a saucepan on the highest setting and recorded how well each one blended the ingredients after one minute, and again after an additional minute.
The $30 Homgeek hand blender did OK in the soup test but left far more unblended vegetables than many of its counterparts.
David Watsky/CNET
With the exception of the cheap blenders under $40, all of the models I tested had no trouble pureeing the veggies into soup within a few minutes, but some created a slightly smoother soup in less time. The best of them not only pureed the vegetables in two minutes but even began frothing the liquid toward the end of the allotted time. Some of the cheaper models required more than two minutes to get all the chunks pureed.
Making whipped cream
Not all the immersion blenders I tested offered attachments like a whisk or chopping bowl. For those with a whisk, I made a batch of this popular dessert topping using one-half a cup of whipping cream and noted how each batch looked after one minute of whipping and again after two. Here, I was looking for the blender to make dense-yet-fluffy whipped cream as quickly as possible.
For any hand blender with a whisk attachment, I made a batch of whipped cream. The Cuisinart made the fluffy stuff in under two minutes.
David Watsky/CNET
Food chopper test
Several of the models in our test range also include a food-processor attachment. For those that did, I chopped one cup of carrots and celery, diced into roughly one-inch chunks. After 10 seconds of chopping, I photographed the resulting pile of chopped carrots and noted which delivered the smallest and most uniform results. Most of the stick blenders with food processor cups fared well in this test, including the $34 Beautiful Hand Blender, but some did the job a few seconds faster.
The $34 Beautiful hand blender did an excellent job pulverizing a cup of carrots and celery in under 10 seconds.
David Watsky/CNET
Touch and feel
This test is more subjective than the others, but I made sure to handle each immersion blender for several minutes noting the overall weight, balance and sturdiness of the stick blenders. I did the same as I was using them in the various tests.
The more expensive models including the KitchenAid, Braun, Breville and Vitamix all felt well-balanced and solid, giving me confidence that they wouldn't break or become loose with regular use. The cheaper models didn't elicit quite the same confidence, and some felt as if one fall to the kitchen floor might mean an early demise.
Budget hand blenders under $40, including the Bella, lose something in the way of performance and sturdy build.
David Watsky/CNET
Immersion blender specs
Model
Power
Weight (lbs.)
Accessories
Speeds
Cordless
Price
All-Clad Cordless Hand Blender KZ800D51
600W
2.97
none
5
Y
$230
Vitamix Immersion Blender 067991
625W
2.83
none
5
N
$150
Breville Control Grip BSB510XL
280W
3.8
whisk, chopping cup, mixing cup
variable
N
$120
Braun MultiQuick MQ7025X
500W
5.41
whisk, chopping cup, mixing cup
variable
N
$100
KitchenAid Cordless Hand Blender KHBBV53BM
198W
2.42
mixing cup
7
Y
$90
Cuisinart Smart Stick CSB-179
300W
3.3
whisk, chopping cup, mixing cup
variable
N
$60
Beautiful Hand Blender
400W
2.5
whisk, chopping cup, mixing cup
2
N
$34
Homgeek Hand Blender H32275US
500W
2
whisk, chopping cup, mixing cup, frother
6
N
$29
Bella Immersion Blender 14460
250W
2.83
whisk
2
N
$30
Immersion blender buying guide: What to look for
Hand blender accessories
While additional attachments aren't necessary, to get the most out of your immersion blender, a few key extras are great to have. A whisk attachment will allow you to easily make whipped cream and meringue, while a food chopper will enable your hand blender to do the work of a food processor. One model I tested includes a milk frother, too, for crafting lattes and cappuccinos at home.
The $120 Breville performed as well as any hand blender of the bunch. It also comes with four excellent attachments.
Breville
Power
You don't necessarily need the most powerful motor to blend cooked vegetables, canned tomatoes, herbs and other soup and sauce ingredients. The Breville Control Grip, for instance, has only 280 watts (less than half of the ultrapowerful All-Clad) but still managed to ace every test I gave it. That said, an immersion blender with less than 250 watts may struggle to give you smooth results or take longer to do a blending job.
Handle comfort and build
All immersion blenders feature steel blade attachments but the handle is typically what separates the great from the not-so-great. Those built with steel or high-grade plastic were the models I liked best. Some of the cheaper stick blenders we tested were constructed using cheap plastic in the handle and they, unsurprisingly, felt a bit chintzy and prone to breakage.
There is something to be said for choosing a cordless hand blender such as KitchenAid's excellent offering.
David Watsky/CNET
Weight and balance
Hand blenders run the gamut in weight from light-as-air models under three pounds all the way up to big heavy industrial models that can weigh more than five. Somewhere in the 2- to 4-pound range felt most comfortable for me. A little bit of weight helps you control the blender from spinning away, but too much heft can make an immersion blender a chore to handle deftly or use for long periods.
The $100 Braun has power in spades and comes with excellent attachments but was noticeably heavier than the rest of the field.
David Watsky/CNET
Cost and value
Because this is a tool you might not use as regularly as others, factoring in price is important. Spending more than $120 will get you a super-premium hand blender that performs at the top of the class, but you likely don't need to spend that much to net great results. Go too cheap, and I found you lose out on hand blender performance as well as the quality of the build.
The $230 All-Clad cordless hand blender is sleek, sturdy, lightweight and ultrapowerful. But, ultimately, the cost is just too high for most people.
David Watsky/CNET
Immersion blender FAQs
What can you make with an immersion blender?
For most people, immersion blenders are actually something of a two- or three-trick pony. The good news is they don't take up a bunch of space. The most common use is to blend and puree ingredients inside of a pot for soups and sauces, dips, creamy mashed potatoes and baby food. Immersion blenders are also good for making homemade mayonnaise and salad dressing.
If you choose a model that comes with a whisk attachment, making whipped cream and meringues is another use for these mobile blenders. Some also come fitted with a food processor bowl so they can do chopping too, although the capacity is typically just two or three cups so you can't do large quantities of onions, garlic and other vegetables.
Can you make smoothies with an immersion blender?
You can, but I'd suggest a standard upright blender if you make smoothies regularly, as using a hand blender can be a bit clunky. If your immersion blender comes with a blending cup attachment, it will make smoothie-making quite a bit easier.
Should you buy a cordless immersion blender?
There are quality cordless and corded hand blenders, so this really comes down to personal preference. Because you probably won't be using your immersion blender every day, you might not care about the cord. A cordless blender is nice if you're motoring around the kitchen using it for multiple tasks, but you'll have to remember to charge it before or after use.
As with most tools with an internal battery, its ability to hold a long charge is likely to wane over the years. That said, I didn't find anything about the KitchenAid or All-Clad (both cordless) suffering significant battery life issues in the many buyer reviews I scoured.
