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Snapchat says it's helped over 1 million people register to vote
Snapchat says it's helped over 1 million people register to vote
This story is part of Elections 2020, CNET's coverage of the voting in November and its aftermath.
Snapchat has helped over 1 million people register to vote through its app this year, a spokesperson said Thursday. The popular app, known for its disappearing messages and face filters, estimates 56% of the people it helped register this year are first-time voters and nearly 65% are between 18 and 24.
For the 2020 election, Snapchat parent company Snap said it's created tools to help people register to vote, learn about voting options and make a plan to cast their ballot.
"Historically, most voters registered through Snapchat actually vote," said a Snap spokesperson, adding that 57% of the more than 450,000 people Snap helped register for the 2018 US mid-term elections actually cast a ballot.
Throughout October, Snap said, it will help users follow through on voting with its new tool, Before You Vote, which will help people decide whether they should vote by mail and find their polling location. The company will also provide a voting checklist in user profiles, as well as let people know about deadlines for voting early.
The voter registration milestone was earlier reported by Axios.
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Google Loosens Its Stranglehold on In-App Payments, Starting With Spotify
Google Loosens Its Stranglehold on In-App Payments, Starting With Spotify
What's happening
Google and Spotify struck a deal that allows subscribers to use the streaming service's payment system, a major break in the way app stores have run.
Why it matters
If Google expands the program, developers and users could have more control over how payments inside mobile apps are made, potentially making transactions cheaper.
Google struck a landmark deal that will let Spotify offer its own in-app payment option alongside Google's Android billing system, a move the search giant has resisted for years.
While the change may seem minor, it could prove to be a major crack in the fortresses that Google -- and Apple -- have built around their massive mobile-app economies since laying the foundations for them more than a decade ago.
The effect on consumers like you may be very small at first: A segment of Android users who want to subscribe to Spotify will be able to sign up more simply in its app and have a new choice in how to pay. But the change, if adopted more widely, would not only give you more control over how you pay for transactions in mobile apps. It also could disrupt dynamics that in some cases have made your in-app purchases more expensive and in other cases removed the option of an in-app purchase altogether.
"This is a significant milestone and the first on any major app store -- whether on mobile, desktop or game consoles," Sameer Samat, Google's vice president of product management, said in a blog post to developers. The option to use third-party payment will be rolled out more broadly in the future, he said.
Spotify, in its own blog post, said that it will be able to offer its own billing option side by side with Android's in its mobile app, adding that it will also be able to "freely communicate" about discounts and promotions in the app. Previously, Spotify didn't allow listeners to subscribe to its premium membership in its Android app at all; its Apple mobile app doesn't offer subscriptions, either. Spotify had pulled out of in-app payments entirely over its objections to fees and restrictions set by Google and Apple.
Google had already begun allowing app developers to offer alternative payment systems in South Korea after a law was passed there. Now it's expanding worldwide. Because of security concerns, Google said it's starting with Spotify, which is the world's biggest streaming music service, with more than 400 million listeners, and other trusted partners.
The move comes after years of resistance to third-party payment on Google Play and represents a major change in the way platform owners manage their software marketplaces. Google, along with Apple, controlled payment systems in order to ensure a cut, usually between 15% and 30%, depending on a few factors. The standard practice of forcing all mobile transactions through Google's or Apple's payment systems reduces income for developers. App stores like Google Play have been the subject of alleged monopolistic practices by lawmakers and regulators, both in the US and abroad.
In one major case, Google fought Epic Games, the maker of the hit battle royal game Fortnite, over payments outside the Play Store. As soon as Epic Games started allowing players to buy in-game purchases outside the Play Store, Google kicked the popular title off its marketplace. As of publishing, Fortnite is still unavailable on the Play Store, but can be downloaded and installed externally, similar to how a program is installed on a computer.
In October of last year, Google filed a counterclaim stating that Epic Games owed Google relief for allowing users to download Fortnite through the Play Store but use Epic's payment system instead. Google and Epic Games have agreed to a trial in early 2023.
Google's shift on payment policies follows last year's verdict in a trial between Epic and Apple. The ruling required Apple to allow app developers to inform consumers that they can go outside of the App Store to make payments for items or subscriptions bought within apps. However, developers can't provide a button linking customers to an alternate payment system.
Google's program with Spotify will give some Android users more control over how they pay for the music-streaming service. While the exact terms of the deal are unknown, it could allow Spotify to promote certain deals or pass on savings to customers now that Google is offering alternative payment methods.
Spotify has frequently criticized Apple as abusing the might of its App Store, including billing-system restrictions. Spotify has said that Apple has retaliated when it tried to circumvent Apple's payment system by rejecting its mobile-app updates.
Apple has rejected charges that its App Store is anticompetitive, though the EU has found the company's in-app payment practices violate competition law. Apple didn't immediately respond to a request for comment for this story.
Google does allow some alternative payment platforms to be used with Android. The Samsung Galaxy Store and the Amazon Appstore are two prominent examples in the US. The Huawei App Market Store and Tencent My App Store are examples in China.
Correction, March 24: An earlier version of this article misstated the start of the pilot program in South Korea. Third-party payments were already available in the country.
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Damaged Liver Is Repaired in Machine for Three Days, Then Transplanted
Damaged Liver Is Repaired in Machine for Three Days, Then Transplanted
Back in May 2021, Swiss researchers removed the damaged liver of an organ donor, placed it in a novel machine that mimicked the human body's biology and treated it in that machine for three days. They then transplanted the newly repaired organ into a cancer patient who needed a new liver but was stuck on the painfully long organ transplant waitlist.
As of Tuesday, one year since the trailblazing procedure, the team reports that the organ recipient is still doing exceptionally well.
"The patient rapidly recovered a normal quality of life without any signs of liver damage," the research team, called Liver4Life, wrote in a paper about the medical milestone published Tuesday in the journal Nature Biotechnology.
"I am very grateful for the life-saving organ," the 62-year-old organ recipient said in a statement. "Due to my rapidly progressing tumor, I had little chance of getting a liver from the waiting list within a reasonable time." The patient's name was not released.
Dr. Pierre-Alain Clavien, who was the surgeon, stands with the patient (right) as he was discharged from hospital after the successful transplantation last year.
USZ
Typically, even perfectly viable donor livers can only remain outside the human body for about 12 hours in conventional cold storage or a maximum of 24 hours in a machine like the team's new one, dubbed a perfusion machine.
Within that time frame, doctors need to "assess, transport and implant donor grafts for human transplantation," per the paper -- not only does this greatly limit the distance these organs can travel before reaching a recipient and room for error during transport, but it also essentially rules out the possibility of repairing an organ prior to transplantation.
Damaged donor organs are often discarded, further exacerbating the organ shortage crisis. According to Organdonor.gov, well over 100,000 Americans are awaiting an organ transplant, and 17 patients die each day while still on the waitlist.
But because the Swiss researchers' new style of perfusion machine sort of acted as a second human body, it allowed the liver specimen to survive externally for three days. They first announced the concept in 2020, at the time stating that their invention can keep a liver outside the human body for one week. However, this marks the first time a liver kept in the device was successfully transplanted into a patient.
"Our therapy shows that treating livers in the perfusion machine makes it possible to alleviate the lack of functioning donor organs and save lives," Dr. Pierre-Alain Clavien, director of the Clinic for Visceral and Transplantation Surgery at the University Hospital Zurich and the surgeon who transplanted the organ, said in a statement.
Basically, this machine has a pump to serve in place of a heart, an oxygenator in place of lungs and dialysis unit in place of kidneys. It can infuse the organs with nutrients and hormones that would normally come from the intestine and pancreas, and even moves the liver to the rhythm of human breathing like a diaphragm would. Additionally, it offers a similar pressure and temperature to natural human biology. In other words, for a liver in the contraption, it's almost like it never left the body.
The perfusion machine replaces the functions of various organs in order to keep the donor liver alive outside of the body.
USZ
So in this highly regulated environment, during those three days, the team flushed the liver with antibiotics and hormonal therapies, for instance, while monitoring how well the organ functioned, like in terms of bile production and tissue strength. This went on until the liver met the standards of a "good" donor organ. Then, it was successfully transplanted into the organ recipient with his consent.
"The transplanted liver exhibited normal function, with minimal reperfusion injury and the need for only a minimal immunosuppressive regimen," the paper states. Immunosuppressive medication is vital after transplant procedures because these drugs essentially tell the body's immune system to not attack while the foreign organ gets acquainted with its new world. Without the "don't attack" warning, the body can reject the organ, deeming it an intruder.
Dr. Pierre-Alain Clavien and Dr. Philipp Dutkowski during the transplantation of the liver treated in the machine.
USZ
And beyond remarkably saving a life, the team's achievement marks a tremendous breakthrough for the field of medicine. It's direct evidence that damaged donor organs can be repaired and considered for patients awaiting transplants -- transplants that could mean the difference between life and death. Plus, it's proof that one day, transplantation doesn't necessarily have to be an emergency, time crunch procedure.
"This inaugural clinical success opens new horizons in clinical research and promises an extended time window of up to 10 days for assessment of viability of donor organs as well as converting an urgent and highly demanding surgery into an elective procedure," the paper states. Going forth, the team plans to test the procedure on other patients as well as develop the next generation of these powerful perfusion machines.
"The interdisciplinary approach to solving complex biomedical challenges that is used in this project is the future of medicine," Mark Tibbitt, a professor of Macromolecular Engineering at ETH Zurich, said in a statement.
